OSPF network types
OSPF classifies networks into the following types, depending on different link layer protocols:
Broadcast—By default, OSPF considers the network type as broadcast. On a broadcast network, hello, LSU, and LSAck packets are multicast to 224.0.0.5 that identifies all OSPF routers or to 224.0.0.6 that identifies the DR and BDR. DD packets and LSR packets are unicast.
NBMA—OSPF packets are unicast on an NBMA network.
P2MP—No link is P2MP type by default. P2MP must be a conversion from other network types such as NBMA. On a P2MP network, OSPF packets are multicast to 224.0.0.5.
P2P—On a P2P network, OSPF packets are multicast to 224.0.0.5.
The following are the differences between NBMA and P2MP networks:
NBMA networks are fully meshed. P2MP networks are not required to be fully meshed.
NBMA networks require DR and BDR election. P2MP networks do not have DR or BDR.
On an NBMA network, OSPF packets are unicast, and neighbors are manually configured. On a P2MP network, OSPF packets are multicast by default, and you can configure OSPF to unicast protocol packets.